The Oral Complications of COVID-19

Background: COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus infectious disease associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome.More and more patients are being cured due to the development of clinical guidelines for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis, treatment, and vaccines.However, the long-term impact of COVID-19 on patients after recovery is unclear.Currently

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BMP-SMAD1/5 Signaling Regulates Retinal Vascular Development

Vascular development is an orchestrated process of vessel formation from pre-existing vessels via sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis as well as vascular remodeling to generate the mature vasculature.Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling via intracellular SMAD1 and SMAD5 effectors regulates sprouting angiogenesis in the early mouse embr

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